Promethazine (HCl)

Overview

Promethazine (HCl) is antihistimine, used in treatment of allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis and for prevention of allergic reactions to blood or plasma in patients with a known history of such reactions and also used for pre-operative and post-operative sedation. Promethazine (HCl) is also used as an antiemetic drug to prevent nausea and vomiting.

Primary Characterstics

Indications

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Pharmacokinetics

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Contraindications

Promethazine (HCl) is contraindicated in conditions like Epilepsy, Glucoma, Prostatic hypertrophy.

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Drug Interactions

Promethazine (HCl) is known to interact with other drugs, the details of drug interactions is as follows:

Severity N/A

Dextran

Interaction of Dextran with Promethazine (HCl)

Etomidate

Interaction of Etomidate with Promethazine (HCl)

Iotroxate (Meglumine)

Interaction of Iotroxate (Meglumine) with Promethazine (HCl)

Methohexitone (Na)

Interaction of Methohexitone (Na) with Promethazine (HCl)

Chlorothiazide

Interaction of Chlorothiazide with Promethazine (HCl)

Carbenicillin (Na)

Interaction of Carbenicillin (Na) with Promethazine (HCl)

Chloramphenicol

Interaction of Chloramphenicol with Promethazine (HCl)

Alcohol

Interaction of Alcohol with Promethazine (HCl)

Heparin (Na) and Heparin (Cl)

Interaction of Heparin (Na) and Heparin (Cl) with Promethazine (HCl)

Hydrocortisone

Interaction of Hydrocortisone with Promethazine (HCl)

Pseudoephedrine (HCl)

Interaction of Pseudoephedrine (HCl) with Promethazine (HCl)

Pethidine (HCl)

Interaction of Pethidine (HCl) with Promethazine (HCl)

Thiopentone (Na)

Interaction of Thiopentone (Na) with Promethazine (HCl)

Aminophylline

Interaction of Aminophylline with Promethazine (HCl)

Hydroxyzine

Interaction of Hydroxyzine with Promethazine (HCl)

Thiopentone (Na)

Interaction of Thiopentone (Na) with Promethazine (HCl)

Potassium Clorazepate

Interaction of Potassium Clorazepate with Promethazine (HCl)

Details: Effects of Potassium Clorazepate may be potentiated by Promethazine (HCl).

Moderate

Oxymorphone

Interaction of Oxymorphone with Promethazine (HCl)

Details: Central nervous system- and/or respiratory-depressant effects may be additively or synergistically increased in patients taking multiple drugs that cause these effects, especially in elderly or debilitated patients.
Management: During concomitant use of these drugs, patients should be monitored for potentially excessive or prolonged CNS and respiratory depression. Ambulatory patients should be made aware of the possibility of additive CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness, dizziness, lightheadedness, confusion) and counseled to avoid activities requiring mental alertness until they know how these agents affect them. Patients should also be advised to notify their physician if they experience excessive or prolonged CNS effects that interfere with their normal activities.
Paregoric

Interaction of Paregoric with Promethazine (HCl)

Details: Central nervous system- and/or respiratory-depressant effects may be additively or synergistically increased in patients taking multiple drugs that cause these effects, especially in elderly or debilitated patients.
Management: During concomitant use of these drugs, patients should be monitored for potentially excessive or prolonged CNS and respiratory depression. Ambulatory patients should be made aware of the possibility of additive CNS effects (e.g., drowsiness, dizziness, lightheadedness, confusion) and counseled to avoid activities requiring mental alertness until they know how these agents affect them. Patients should also be advised to notify their physician if they experience excessive or prolonged CNS effects that interfere with their normal activities.

These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life. Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.

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Side Effects

The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Promethazine (HCl), which give rise to further complications include Pheochromocytoma.

The signs and symptoms that are produced after the acute overdosage of Promethazine (HCl) include Seizures, Blurred vision, Respiratory depression, Hallucinations, Delirium, Ataxia, CNS stimulation, Anxiety, Deep sleep, Akathisia, Hyperexcitability.

The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Promethazine (HCl) are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Anxiety, Insomnia, Nervousness, Dry mouth, Blurred vision, Confusion, Sedation, CNS depression, Incoordination, CNS excitation.

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Dosage

Promethazine (HCl)'s dosage details are as follows:
Dose Single Dose Frequency Route Instructions

Adult Dosage
10 to 25 mg18 (17.5)4 hourlyPO.IV,IM

Paedriatic Dosage (20kg)
0.5 to 1 mg/kg0.75 (0.75)12 hourlyOral-

Neonatal Dosage (3kg)
0.312 to 0.625 mg/kg0.47 (0.4685)12 hourlyOral

High Risk Groups

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Warning / Precautions

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Storage Conditions

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Interference in Pathology

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Brands / Trade Names of Promethazine (HCl)

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